Section 8 CrPC: Metropolitan Areas
1. Code
Section 8 of the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973 defines Metropolitan areas and their significance in the context of criminal proceedings.
2. Explanation
This section defines a “Metropolitan Area” as an area declared as such by the Central Government in the Official Gazette. This designation is crucial because it impacts various aspects of criminal justice administration. For instance:
- Jurisdiction of courts: Specific courts are established for metropolitan areas, such as Sessions Courts and High Courts, which have jurisdiction over offenses committed within their designated boundaries.
- Police administration: The structure and organization of police forces within metropolitan areas are often different from other areas, with specialized units and divisions established to address the unique challenges of these densely populated regions.
- Special laws and regulations: Some metropolitan areas have specific laws and regulations tailored to their unique needs, such as traffic regulations, building codes, and environmental protection measures.
3. Illustration
Consider the city of Mumbai, India. It is a declared metropolitan area under Section 8 CrPC. This means that the Sessions Courts and High Courts in Mumbai have jurisdiction over crimes committed within the city limits. Additionally, the Mumbai Police Force has a specialized structure, with divisions dedicated to specific areas and crimes.
4. Common Questions and Answers
Q: What are the criteria for declaring an area a metropolitan area?
A: There are no specific criteria laid out in the CrPC. The Central Government has the discretion to declare any area as a metropolitan area based on its assessment of factors like population density, economic activity, and infrastructure.
Q: What is the significance of being declared a metropolitan area?
A: It grants the area special status in the context of criminal justice administration. This includes the establishment of specific courts, police structures, and sometimes, the application of unique laws and regulations.
Q: Can an area be de-notified as a metropolitan area?
A: Yes. The Central Government can withdraw its notification declaring an area as a metropolitan area, if it deems necessary.
